Build a Wheelchair Ramp

ADA construction standards mandate that the slope of any wheelchair access ramp must be no greater than one inch of rise for every 12 inches of run.

Therefore, if you need to reach a platform that is 30 inches in height, you must build the ramp to be at least 30 feet long. Measure up from the ground to find how many inches the ramp must rise.

Following are other guidelines to consider during the planning process to build a wheelchair ramp:

• Check first to see if local building codes require that you have a permit before starting construction.
  

• Once you figure out how much length you need, you can devise a layout. A switchback, U- or L-shape is very common.

  The ramp should end at a location accessible to transportation and leaving the property. The bottom of the ramp should be even with the ground to provide a smooth transition.
  

• At a minimum, your ramp should be 36 inches wide between railings to accommodate a wheelchair. To be on the safe side, you might want to make it at least 40 inches wide.
  

• Then considering how to build a wheelchair ramp, don’t forget that level landings are a necessity at the top and bottom of each run of your ramp to make it easier to open doors or maneuver.

  For example, if a run in your ramp is over 30 feet long, you'll need a level landing 5' long and as wide as the ramp. For an L shaped turn, you will want a 5' x 5' landing; for switchback turns, 5' x 8'.
  

• Always use the proper building materials. A ramp built with pressure treated lumber is far less prone to rotting and posts rated for ground burial are essential.

  Wood can be very hazardous when wet or icy. Install sand grit strips to enhance traction. (Aluminum or concrete can be used instead of wood to build a ramp.)
  

Consider consulting with a professional contractor who has expertise in ADA construction. This will help ensure your ramp is durable, functional, ADA compliant and, at the same time, adds an aesthetically pleasing addition to your home.

Related Articles